五金沖壓件使用的模具要求

 　五金沖壓件使用(yong)的模具(ju)(ju)是采用(yong)彈(dan)(dan)壓(ya)(ya)卸(xie)(xie)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)板(ban)(ban)，還(huan)是采用(yong)固定卸(xie)(xie)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)板(ban)(ban)，取決于卸(xie)(xie)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)力(li)的大小，其中材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)厚是主(zhu)要考(kao)慮因素(su)。隨(sui)著模具(ju)(ju)用(yong)彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)元件(jian)彈(dan)(dan)力(li)的增強，彈(dan)(dan)壓(ya)(ya)卸(xie)(xie)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)板(ban)(ban)的卸(xie)(xie)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)力(li)增強。根據(ju)目前情況，當材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)厚約在(zai)2mm以下時(shi)采用(yong)彈(dan)(dan)壓(ya)(ya)卸(xie)(xie)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)板(ban)(ban)，大于2mm時(shi)采用(yong)固定卸(xie)(xie)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)板(ban)(ban)較為貼近實際。本模具(ju)(ju)所沖(chong)(chong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)厚為1mm，因此(ci)可采用(yong)彈(dan)(dan)壓(ya)(ya)卸(xie)(xie)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)板(ban)(ban)。五(wu)金沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)件(jian)是靠壓(ya)(ya)力(li)機和(he)模具(ju)(ju)對板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)、帶材(cai)(cai)(cai)、管材(cai)(cai)(cai)和(he)型(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)等施加(jia)外力(li)，使之產生(sheng)塑性(xing)變形或分離，從(cong)而獲(huo)得(de)所需形狀和(he)尺寸的工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)件(jian))的成形加(jia)工(gong)(gong)方法。沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)和(he)鍛(duan)造同(tong)屬(shu)塑性(xing)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)，合稱鍛(duan)壓(ya)(ya)。沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)的坯料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)主(zhu)要是熱軋和(he)冷(leng)軋的鋼板(ban)(ban)和(he)鋼帶。
　　沖(chong)壓主要(yao)是(shi)按工(gong)(gong)藝分(fen)(fen)(fen)類，可(ke)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為分(fen)(fen)(fen)離工(gong)(gong)序和(he)成形(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)序兩大類。分(fen)(fen)(fen)離工(gong)(gong)序也稱(cheng)沖(chong)裁，其目的(de)(de)是(shi)使五金沖(chong)壓件沿   輪廓線從板(ban)料上(shang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)離，同時分(fen)(fen)(fen)離斷(duan)面的(de)(de)質(zhi)量要(yao)求。成形(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)序的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)是(shi)使板(ban)料在不破坯(pi)的(de)(de)條件下發生塑性變形(xing)(xing)，制成所需形(xing)(xing)狀和(he)尺寸的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)件。在實(shi)際生產中，常(chang)常(chang)是(shi)多種工(gong)(gong)序綜合(he)應用于一(yi)個工(gong)(gong)件。沖(chong)裁、彎曲(qu)、剪切、拉深、脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)、旋壓、矯正是(shi)幾種主要(yao)的(de)(de)五金沖壓件工(gong)藝。沖(chong)壓用板(ban)料(liao)的表面(mian)(mian)和(he)內在性(xing)能對沖(chong)壓成品的質量(liang)影響很大，要求沖(chong)壓材料(liao)厚度   、均(jun)勻；表面(mian)(mian)光潔，、無疤、無擦傷、無表面(mian)(mian)裂紋等；屈(qu)服強度均(jun)勻，無明(ming)顯方向(xiang)性(xing)；均(jun)勻延伸率高；屈(qu)強比低(di)；加工(gong)硬化性(xing)低(di)。